Showing posts with label children's health. Show all posts
Showing posts with label children's health. Show all posts

Wednesday, April 28, 2010

TV Review of "Glee" Season 1, Episode 16: "Home"

Tonight's episode of Glee, "Home," was beautiful and fantastic. Such emotion and realistic dialogue and directing let the actors really shine. Here are my thoughts on what I loved, what I hated, and what I thought just worked really well for the show and the characters.


Things I loved
I loved finn's mom's scene where she's explaining letting go of her husband/finn's dad and that their home hasn't really been the home it would've been with finn's dad weren't missing. So spot on in dialogue and beautifully acted by both Cory and Romy (the actors playing Finn and Carole). So accurate. My mom was riveted on Finn's mom and I was riveted on Finn's reaction to the chair.

I loved the Mercedes and Quinn scene. So touching. Another example of fantastic and accurate writing. When Quinn said that eating to keep her baby healthy and strong made her ask why isn't she willing to give herself that kind of care and attention... so spot on.

I love how Mercedes's "Beautiful" ballad was powerful, yet toned down from the high pitch of Aguilera's equally amazing, but different, version. Amber Riley really hit the emotion and the music.

And I loved how Will Schuester is acknowledging and feeling his loneliness – the loneliness that comes from having been in the same serious relationship since when he was 16.

What I hated
On another note, I hated how the investigative reporter never interviewed any students or faculty, or even Sue herself since he interrupted her in her office right before she was about to put her foot in her mouth. A good reporter lets the subject speak for itself. And a good reporter never goes and tells the subject how the article is going to turn out.

I didn't really care for the song selection, either. And while I love Kristin Chenoweth's talent and energy, the songs they gave her didn't pop the way it could have with different songs and thematic ties. The music-in-story seemed a little forced and disjointed and even Kurt's rendition of "A House is Not A Home" was pretty painful, thanks to it coming out of nowhere and being infused with both the parent-dating drama and the Kurt has a crush on Finn drama.

What I thought worked
How nice was it to have a break from the kid's angsty love lives and other melodrama going on. In other words, thank you, writers, for putting Rachel and Jesse in the background this episode. They're talented and all, but Glee needs this to be an ensemble cast with ensemble scenes, not designated "stars." And Glee needs to show that it knows it has the potential to be more than just the music – and the music is only as good as the emotions tying it to the story.

It was also nice to see a responsible, competent and sane school nurse on the premises. When she showed up on the screen telling Mercedes that her mother was on her way to pick her up, and said it all calmly and with sympathetic understanding, well, that was a not insignificant moment for me.

Saturday, March 13, 2010

Revenge: Child Health Group Evicted By Harvard After Alleged Disney Interference

VS.


After successfully publicizing the dangers and lack of educational benefits to babies from Disney's Baby Einstein brand of TV videos, the nonprofit Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood has been evicted from its offices in the Harvard-affiliated Judge Baker Children's Health Center. This, after Disney representatives repeatedly called health center officials and allegedly threatened to sue unless the Campaign ended all communications with the press and advocacy work against Disney products.

Conflict of interest should apply.

That Judge Baker and Harvard even thought that this would be acceptable is surprising, but also not so, since as the NY Times article notes, Baker is run with a corporate board of directors, not a community one. So it is subject to a more corporate management than many in the public might expect.

But in the end, I still say this:
Shame on Disney. Shame on Harvard. And shame on us, the American people, for allowing ourselves to create and nurture and continue to stand by and nurture corporations and their ruthless, immoral, careless, evil mindset - which has permeated our own - that operate outside ethics and the law.

Tuesday, September 08, 2009

PARENTING: How to halt nail-biting

Published in the August 2009 issue of PARENTING magazine.

5 Ways To Stop Nail Biting

Tricks to stop that unsightly gnawing that can lead to infection

By Heather Chin, Parenting

Sure, nail biting is a common childhood habit, and, in most cases, won't last -- but it's also unsightly and can lead to infection. How to stop it? Try these tricks from Dawn Huebner, Ph.D., author of What to Do When Bad Habits Take Hold.

Distract
Hand her something or place your hand on hers when she's nibbling.

Interrupt
Top her fingertips with colorful adhesive bandages or slather on lotion -- the taste will get her attention, and it will help smooth jagged cuticles.

Munch
Offer her raw carrots, cukes, or a plastic straw to chew on.

Relieve
Regular exercise, such as jumping jacks or even kids' yoga, can help, as can carrying a stress ball.

Reinforce
Constant criticism can fuel your nail-biter's chomping (making her do it even more), and bitter polish can seem like punishment. Instead, praise your child regularly when she doesn't attack her nails.

Wednesday, August 12, 2009

Personal Health: For Kids, Increased Screen Time Can Equal Increased Blood Pressure

Published on August 10th, 2009 in THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER.

Kids' screen time is linked to development of hypertension
More time plopped in front of a screen - computer, video, video game, and, particularly, television - may raise the risk of elevated blood pressure in children, according to a new study.

The researchers tracked activity levels of 111 children ages 3 to 8 - 57 boys and 54 girls - round-the-clock for a week via measurements from an accelerometer worn over the right hip as well as parents' reports of the average time their child spent sitting or engaging in activities that ranged from painting to watching TV. They also considered age, sex, height, percentage of body fat, and other differences.

Excessive TV time and total screen time were linked to elevated blood pressure - a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and other health problems - even when possibly related measures, such as body fat, were separated from the analysis. Children who spent less than 30 minutes a day in front of a screen tended to have the lowest blood pressures, the researchers report in the August issue of Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. (The average was 90 minutes.)

Interestingly, the researchers did not find an association between blood pressure and sedentary behavior in general, leading them to suggest that factors specific to watching a screen - eating foods high in sugar, fat and salt, for example, or disruptive sleep patterns that have been associated with TV time - might play a role. - Heather J. Chin

Read the full article here.

Saturday, August 01, 2009

Pennsylvania: Pediatricians and Paperwork

Published on July 27, 2009 in THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER.

Summer's no vacation for pediatricians

Pediatricians know it's summer when the health forms start piling up.

For everything from day care and camps to college and driver's license applications, each form asks different questions and often requires handwritten answers.

"It's overwhelming, particularly in the summer" when camps, school, and sports seasons converge, says Jeffrey Bomze, a pediatrician whose Bryn Mawr practice sees around 3,000 patients a year. "It's not just a signature and out the door."

Every year, pediatricians typically see about 95 patients per week, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. At nearly 5,000 patients per year, four health forms per child, and about eight minutes per form, that means one person could spend 333 workdays a year on health forms alone.

And it's getting worse.

Read the full story here.

Sunday, July 19, 2009

Philly Region: Summer Camps Deal With Swine Flu

Published on July 16, 2009 in THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER.
I contributed some reporting on this.

Some camps report swine flu cases

By Kristin E. Holmes
Inquirer Staff Writer

Camp directors are battling more than unruly youngsters this summer. They have been contending with outbreaks of what they think is the swine flu.

Some area camps, as well as ones outside the region that host large numbers of youngsters from the area, report sending home dozens of campers who have exhibited flulike symptoms.

Pennsylvania health officials say they know of 10 to 20 camps in the state that have had a high-enough incidence of the flu to warrant control measures such as isolating campers or sending them home.

"I'd say we've had a fair number of camps that have clusters of illness," said Stephen Ostroff, acting state physician general and director of the state Bureau of Epidemiology.

In South Jersey, fewer than five cases have been reported to health agencies. Reported cases might be low because officials test for the flu only when patients are hospitalized or clusters of illness occur.

No camps in Pennsylvania or South Jersey have closed, officials said.

Read the full article here...

Thursday, July 09, 2009

Philly Local: Hospitals Expand Safe Sleep Practices

Published on July 7, 2009 in THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER.

Hospitals push safe sleep practices for infants

By Heather J. Chin
Inquirer Staff Writer

For the last year, parents have been banned from sleeping with their sick babies at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children.

The hospital instituted the policy after three infants over three months were pronounced dead in the emergency room after bed sharing-related accidents at home.

Babies who sleep with a parent can become overheated, be rolled onto, or be smothered by soft sheets or pillows. They can also lose circulation if wedged between the mattress and furniture.

The hospital's ER typically gets one such death every couple of months. But the "little cluster" of tragedies early last year inspired St. Christopher's nurses to propose that the hospital lead by example.

"Today, people often don't have primary pediatricians," said emergency nursing director Kirsten Johnson-Moore. "So emergency departments, I feel, have a responsibility to educate and prevent."

Read the full story here...

Wednesday, March 18, 2009

From Garden to Green Jobs: Returning Brooklyn Youth To Their Green Roots

At the third annual Making Brooklyn Bloom event on Saturday, March 7, hundreds of New Yorkers of all ages gathered on the grounds of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden (off Eastern Parkway and Prospect Park) for a day of running around newly budding flowers, watching fish swim, making solar-powered toy racecars, pressing fresh apple cider - and, of course, learning.

Local and citywide organizations such as Sustainable Flatbush, Just Food, the Food Bank of NY, TreesNY, Red Hook’s Added Value farms and the upcoming Brooklyn Urban Garden School, encouraged participants to experiment with hands-on projects at their volunteer tables, emphasizing the fun and ease of activities that promote food, environmental and social sustainability.



Click here to read more and view a SLIDESHOW of the day's events.

Friday, February 13, 2009

Live-Blog: Dismantling the Cradle to Prison Pipeline

Reported live on Wednesday, February 11, 2009

The Children’s Defense Fund’s New York chapter is holding a one-day summit in Central Brooklyn called “Connecting the Neighborhood Dots: Promoting Solutions to Dismantle the Pipeline to Prison.” Hosted by CUNY’s Medgar Evers College in partnership with the Casey Family Programs, the day has been scheduled full of panel discussions and presentations by leaders in the children’s advocacy and juvenile justice organizations.

I will be chronicling the start of the conference and the back-to-back morning sessions that focus on the disproportionate impact of prison and the criminal justice system on specific communities in New York City, mainly in the Bronx and Central Brooklyn, and how community-based strategies can promote healthy children, families and neighborhoods.

Read and watch the full coverage here.

Thursday, December 18, 2008

The Flu: Senior's Vaccination Day and Beyond

By Heather J. Chin
NY City News Service

Sunset Park, NY – With flu season here and January/February peak times just around the corner, health providers at Brooklyn’s Lutheran Medical Center and in hospitals and clinics throughout the city are trying to get both children and adults – including those over 65 years of age – to get their flu shot.

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) named last week National Influenza Vaccination Week. Tuesday, December 9, was Children’s Vaccination Day. Thursday, December 11, was Senior’s Vaccination Day.

“[Parents and grandparents] may bring in a child for immunization, but they won’t for themselves,” said Norma Villanueva, M.D., M.P.H., the Network Chief of Child and Adolescent Health at Lutheran Medical Center.

Read the rest of the article here...

Tuesday, September 30, 2008

LOCAL NYC: Unionized Drivers Protest Union And DOE Bus Cuts

By Heather J. Chin
September 10, 2008

Long Island City – Hundreds of school bus drivers, transportation aides and parents rallied together on September 10th to protest new cuts to the number of routes and service quality to the city’s special needs students.

“We are highly trained professionals [and] highly motivated individuals,” stated Caravan Transportation bus driver Miqueal Vestres, who has driven special needs students to and from school for 28 years. “We do these jobs not for the money; we love what we do [and] care about the kids.”

Read the rest of this story and listen to audio of the rally here.

Thursday, September 25, 2008

COMMENT: "Children's Locks..."

Added: Saturday September 13, 2008 at 02:57 AM EST
Locks of Love Sells the Hair for Profit, too

The reporter did not research adequately, By the Locks of Love own report on their federal tax filing, they make a profit as much as $500,000 a year from the sale of hair. They do not give the wigs for free either...the families pay something on a sliding scale. By their own admission that provided 2000 wigs over ten year span...that's a paltry 200 wigs per year on average. Compare that with the tons of ponytails sent to them every year. If your child knew that her donated hair was being sold to the hair extensions vendors, how would she feel about this organization then?

Paula, Providence, Rhode Island

LOCAL: Children's Locks And Love A Winning Combination

(previously published here at www.thebulletin.us)

When Elizabeth Strenge was 10 years old, she had her long, brown hair tied back in a ponytail and cut by her mother, who put the resulting 13-inch long tail into a plastic bag and envelope for mailing.

Elizabeth's hair traveled all the way from the Strenges' home in Yardley to Fort Myers, Fla., where a public nonprofit called Locks of Love used each strand to create custom hairpieces for children diagnosed with any condition that results in total hair loss.

The vacuum-fitted hairpieces help restore these youngsters' self-esteem and confidence during their treatment and recovery.

While it may seem that having the latest hairstyle is big for children and teenagers today, knowing what their cut hair will be used for seems to far outweigh anxiety felt at losing long tresses. Now the nervousness felt is that of excitement.

"I recently had a little girl about age 7 come in once a month for me to measure her hair to donate," said Debbie Michel, who has been a stylist at the Warwick Hair Salon for 34 years. "She was about four inches away from the required 10 but was willing to have me cut her hair within an inch of her scalp if it would meet the requirements."

For 12-year-old Jackie Gibson, the choice to donate her long blonde hair was an easy one. "I thought there are kids who don't have any hair and it's a great program to make hair for children who don't have any," said the seventh-grader from Country Day School of The Sacred Heart in Bryn Mawr.

Founded in 1998, Locks of Love works individually with children and families from across the country who have either applied or been recommended by a doctor, collaborating to design the custom prosthetic.

Using only human hair, hairpieces are hand-sewn to the child's head size and shape. They look natural and, according to Locks of Love's communications director, Lauren Kukkamaa, "allows them to play sports, run, swim and stay active without fear of it falling off or someone pulling it off their head."

The group says that thousands of hair bundles arrive each year. Each hairpiece requires 6-10 ponytails and 4-6 months to manufacture and children between the ages of 6 and 18 can receive a new prosthesis every 18 months, for a total of up to 8 hairpieces.

The child recipients have had conditions ranging from alopecia areata, injuries from radiation treatment to the brain stem, severe burns and dermatological conditions.

Monetary donations are also accepted and used toward production costs. They are tax deductible and ideal for donors, such as boys, whose hair is too short to donate.

"I learned about Locks of Love about 25 years ago," said Ms. Michel, the stylist. "The donations have increased to the point that I now wait until I have about six ponytails to send. People now bring them in from friends and family."

Ms. Kukkamaa said that the organization is growing and is committed to finding and helping children directly, but is also working toward expanding its mission to provide treatment services.

"Since 2006, we've been able to provide funds to medical organizations for research into alopecia," she said. "[The University of Miami's presence] in our backyard [also] allows us to be educated regularly by them."

Donor ages range from young children to those in their 70s, but over 80 percent of the donors are children themselves, this charity has become a place where children are able to help one another. More than just hair, these hairpieces provide mutual gifts of caring, confidence and community.

Both Elizabeth and Jackie plan to continue growing out their hair and will encourage others to donate. Now 15 years old, Elizabeth has donated two more ponytails, with the latest measuring 10 inches. Her younger sister has also joined the effort.

Remembering the first time she had her blonde hair cut for donation, Jackie enthused, "I was happy and excited that it would be used. ... Yes, I have told other people. People have asked 'is it a good idea' and I think it's a great idea."


Heather J. Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us

©The Evening Bulletin 2008

HEALTH NEWS: Baby-Targeted TV Banned In France

(previously published here at www.thebulletin.us)

From the colorful costumes of "Barney and Friends" to Saturday morning cartoons like "Dora the Explorer," television programming has long targeted the pre-preschool set in America. If we take a cue from France, however, that could change.

Last week, the High Audiovisual Council, France's broadcast authority, banned French channels from airing any TV shows with a target audience of children under three years old. The goal, as stated in the published ruling, is to "protect children under three from the [negative] effects of television."

"Television viewing hurts the development of children under three years old and poses a certain number of risks, encouraging passivity, slow language acquisition, over-excitedness, troubles with sleep and concentration as well as dependence on screens," wrote the council.

The ruling affects both French channels and cable operators that air foreign channels, specifically BabyFirstTV and BabyTV. BabyTV is owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. and BabyFirstTV is owned by a Fox Entertainment affiliate, as well as Netherlands-based and LA-based investment groups.

Program development will be affected and French cable operators that air foreign channels with baby-targeted programs will now be required to air warning messages to parents, such as: "Watching television can slow the development of children under three, even when it involves channels aimed specifically at them."

While such baby-marketed products are touted as specially designed for parent-baby interactive viewing, critics argue that such specific channels are more often used as a babysitting tool.

In a June newspaper interview, France's minister for culture and communication, Christine Albanel, also urged parents not to use 24-hour channels as a sleep aid, deeming it actually counterproductive to a good night's sleep. Research shows that background noise and artificial light such as those from TVs impede the body's ability to wind down and rest.

Area medical professionals agree. Dr. Gary Emmett, director of hospital pediatrics at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, said, "While watching TV is not always harmful, it is not always helpful." It also often has long-term effects on learning and physical health, since the time spent in front of the TV takes away from other activities.

"Reading is directly correlated to success in school, while watching TV, and other things that [doctors] regard as passive, is not ... and is counter-related," he said.

Research published this July in the journal Childhood Development has also highlighted the negative effects of background noise on a toddler's ability to concentrate and learn, instead fostering restlessness and distraction.

BabyFirstTV first aired in the United States in 2006 to much debate over the value of such programming towards the youngest and most undeveloped, impressionable segments of society. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children below age three should have zero hours of TV watching. However, a 2003 Kaiser Family Foundation study found that two-thirds of children under age six live in a home where the TV is on half the time, while one-third of children live in a home where it is on "most of the time" or "always."

According to Dr. Emmett, parents can help by fostering active playtime with other children and by reading storybooks with them. There is also a Philadelphia-area branch of the national charity NEMOURS that calls for a "two-one-five-zero" program: two hours or less of screen time a day, one hour of running or swift walking, five portions of fruit and vegetables a day and no sweets or sugary drinks.


Heather J. Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us

©The Evening Bulletin 2008

Saturday, September 20, 2008

LOCAL HEALTH: Looking Out For Kids' Safety

(previously published here at www.thebulletin.us)

Philadelphia - While your family starts gearing up for a new school year, remember that some things stay in season all year - like keeping everyone safe and sound, whether out in the sun or racing from class to lacrosse practice. But where to go? What to look for?

This year, Kohl's Safety Center provides just that. Located within the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia gift shop, its mission is to reduce childhood injury by providing safety and health education along with safety products.

"The idea of a safety center is for families to get low cost products [as well as] safety education," said Marla Vanore, R.N., M.H.A., trauma program manager at Children's Hospital. "There is always a highly qualified safety educator in the store to offer guidance on product use, such as how to fit a helmet or install a child safety seat."

Parents, children and intrigued passersby are encouraged to come visit the Safety Center, a safe place where they are surrounded by everything from colorful - and sturdy - helmets, baby gates, power strip covers, cabinet locks, elbow and knee pads and child safety seats, as well as free literature on important safety topics and answers to any question about injury prevention.

The benefits of this are that the health educator can see the child[ren] and suggest supplies appropriate for the child's age and developmental level to families. Twenty-minute safety videos are also available to be watched in the center, and a car seat program available for qualifying low-income families.

There's even a life-size model car and different sized toy babies for parents to learn the proper way of strapping in car seats, booster seats, and their child.

"Kids love the car, "said Angela Sim-Laramee, Safety Center Coordinator. "They also get excited to be fitted and measured for a new helmet. Parents are happy with the prices and to have their kids ... able to actually try [a helmet] on."

In addition to being a place for often-elusive answers and safety education from knowledgeable professionals, every product in the store is sold at-cost to anyone from the community who comes in. This means huge savings and high affordability, with $8 bicycle helmets, $3 outlet covers, $1.30 window blind cord wind-ups, and car seats in varying sizes for $13 to $49.

While a Children's Hospital initiative, the Safety Center receives funding from the national retailer Kohl's, whose Kohl's Cares for Kids program helps support health education and services programs throughout the country. Under this program, the proceeds from selling stuffed animals at Kohl's department stores helps projects like this one.

The Safety Center is doing well, even with only a three-month run thus far.

"We've had a lot more people come in [than we expected], with around 30 people a day coming in asking questions about their own safety seats and bicycle helmets," said Ms. Sim-Laramee. "We've even had doctors coming in asking questions," added Ms. Vanore.

As a Trauma I center, Children's Hospital has a strong injury prevention program, from which an advisory board of doctors and nurses were chosen to assist the Center in what to do and how to run the store for the most efficient care.

The Safety Center is the first and only one of its kind in Pennsylvania and was based on existing safety centers throughout the country that have been successful.

As for the future of the store, both women said it's to continue to get the word out and reach as many families as possible. "The goal is not to make a profit, it's just to sell safety products and continue to replenish the stock," said Ms. Sim-Laramee.

And with the first week in September being Child Passenger Safety Week, it's the perfect time to remember that safety comes in both knowledge action.

The Kohl's Safety Center is located on the first floor near the main entrance of Children's Hospital at 34th and Civic Center Drive, within the gift/convenience shop and adjacent to McDonald's. It is open every weekday from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.

Heather J. Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us

©The Evening Bulletin 2008

Friday, September 12, 2008

HEALTH NEWS: Diabetes Before Pregnancy Linked To Birth Risk

(previously published here at www.thebulletin.us)

A study from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that women with diabetes prior to becoming pregnant are eight times more likely to have children with multiple birth defects compared to women without diabetes.

The study found also that women with diabetes are three to four times more likely to give birth to a baby with at least one birth defect.

Women with pregnancy-induced diabetes, or gestational diabetes, were also found more likely to have a child with a birth defect, although usually only if they were overweight or obese at conception. This range would mean a body mass index (BMI) - weight measured in proportion to height - of 25 or higher.

The study expanded on previous research by examining women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes as well as gestational diabetes, and considering both cardiac and non-cardiac defects, nearly 40 in all.

Only 2 percent of babies with single birth defects and 5 percent with multiple defects were born to mothers with pre-pregnancy diabetes, while 93 percent of the birth defects examined were not associated with maternal diabetes.

Overall, diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy was linked with about half of the birth defect categories examined.

Birth defects may include heart problems, brain and spinal defects, oral clefts, limb deficiencies, and kidney and gastrointestinal tract defects. These affect 1-in-33 infants and are a leading cause of infant death, according to the CDC. Most causes are unknown.

The findings were based on data analyzed from over 13,000 infants with birth defects and nearly 5,000 without defects, all born between 1997 and 2003. Of those without defects, 24 mothers had diabetes before diabetes. Of those newborns with defects, 283 mothers had pre-pregnancy diabetes.

All children were part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, which drew data from 10 birth-defect surveillance systems in 10 states.

However, according to Janis Biermann, a spokeswoman for the March of Dimes which reviewed the study for WebMD, women shouldnotbe unduly concerned.

"Just because there is an increased risk of a baby having a birth defect if a woman has preconception diabetes doesn't mean it is going to happen," she said, "It just means there is a greater chance than if a woman doesn't have it."

The study is the largest yet done to identify the range of birth defects linked to pre-pregnancy diagnoses of diabetes, but the link itself has been known for almost two decades. Researchers hope that increased awareness will encourage people to seek the best available everyday preconception care.

"Early and effective management of diabetes for pregnant women is critical in helping to not only prevent birth defects, but also to reduce the risk for other health complications for them and their children," said lead author Dr. Adolfo Correa, an epidemiologist at the CDC's National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, in a news release.

According to the March of Dimes, about 1.85 million U.S. women of childbearing age have diabetes.

"The most important thing is that the patient ... get [her diabetes] in control," said Dr. Louis Weinstein, M.D., professor and chairman of OBGYN at Thomas Jefferson University.

In an urban area such as Philadelphia, "we tend to see more diabetes than in other parts of the country because we have lower socioeconomic populations with higher BMI [levels] than elsewhere," Dr. Weinstein added.

"It's important to take care of yourself, exercise, be at an optimal weight, plan your pregnancy, and make sure the diabetes is well controlled before you get pregnant," Ms. Biermann, from the March of Dimes, said to WebMD.

Once pregnant, Ms. Biermann notes the importance of following the same healthy habits and having regular prenatal care, along with regular appointments with a diabetes specialist for those diagnosed.

The report was published this month in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

Heather J. Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us.

©The Evening Bulletin 2008

Friday, August 29, 2008

HEALTH NEWS: US Infant Mortality Rates Stall

(previously published here at www.thebulletin.us)

A CDC statistical report says a nearly decadelong decline in rates of infant deaths has stalled, with records showing little change in the last three years. However, premature births are directly associated to increased deaths, especially for "non-Hispanic black women."

The CDC defines this category of people as having African ancestry and no maternal ancestors of Hispanic descent.

The overall rate, unrelated to premature births, showed very little change from 2004 to 2005, with 6.78 deaths per 1,000 live births versus 6.86 deaths. The report was released Wednesday by the CDC's division of vital statistics, which collects data on U.S. rates of infant mortality, birth and death.

Preterm-related infant deaths rose overall from 34.6 percent to 36.5 percent between 2000 and 2005. For non-Hispanic black women, babies were 3.4 times more likely to die from preterm-related causes than were non-Hispanic white women. Per 1,000 live births of black infants, 13.26 died in 2005, a rate that is on par with some developing countries.

Within the Hispanic spectrum (Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, and Central and South American), preterm-related mortality rates were highest for Puerto Rican mothers, 87 percent more than in non-Hispanic white mothers. They were lowest for low-birth-weight infants with mothers of Mexican descent.

"We continue to have persistent and very large disparities by race and ethnicity," said lead author T.J. Mathews, a demographer with the National Center for Health Statistics. While connections between race and higher infant mortality are not certain, these are issues being discussed.

Extremely early births (before 32 weeks gestation) and preterm births (before 37 weeks) are a large factor in infant mortality, according to the report. "Rates [of infant death] are higher in that first day or first week than later on in the post-neonatal period," Mr. Mathews said.

The report also notes that there has been a steady increase in the number of preterm and low-birth-weight births since the mid-1980s, in part due to a rise in multiple births, more frequent use of fertility treatments and an increase in the number of C-sections and early induced labor.

Causing 44 percent of all infant deaths in 2005 were birth defects, low birth weight and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Mortality rates were also higher for infants born in multiple deliveries (twins, triplets or more), and to mothers either born in the U.S. (perhaps due to fewer support systems than outside the U.S.) or who were unmarried.

Maternal age and level of education also had some connection with infant mortality rates, with the fewest deaths occurring with women giving birth in their 20s and 30s, and with 16 or more years of schooling. In addition, infant mortality rates were higher among boys than girls.

Mothers of Mexican descent had the lowest rates of low-birth-weight infants (6.5 percent), while Asian or Pacific Islander moms had the lowest death rates among preterm births (10.7 percent).

On the other hand, compared with non-Hispanic white mothers, SIDS rates were highest for babies with American Indian or Alaskan Native mothers, as well as with non-Hispanic black mothers (2.0 times and 1.8 times higher). SIDS rates were lowest for Mexican mothers (48 percent), Asian and Pacific Islander mothers (57 percent), and Central or South American mothers (68 percent).


Heather J. Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us

©The Evening Bulletin 2008

INT'L: HEALTH: POLITICS: The Implications Of China's One-Child Policy

(previously published here as part of the special On Human Life edition of www.thebulletin.us)

The People's Republic of China's one-child policy has impacted two generations, simultaneously strengthening the economy and challenging long-held social and cultural norms.

It was introduced as a short-term measure in 1979 to improve living standards and economic performance by controlling population growth. In this, it has been successful.

Between 1970 and 1979, when families were simply encouraged to think small, the fertility rate dropped from 5.93 to 2.66 children per woman.

After the policy took effect, the rate was reported as 1.94, even lower for women under 35. In 2003 the UN Population Fund explained these results through the near universal - 83 percent - use of contraception.

Compliance has been encouraged by the establishment of state-run Family Planning Centers throughout China. Eighty percent of villages have a family planning clinic and 99.3 percent have at least one professional family planning worker. In addition, economic incentives are given for compliance, and punishments, for having additional children.

The most notorious mechanism for the reduction in births is coerced abortion, but long-term contraceptive methods such as IUDs (intrauterine devices) and sterilization are most common. Another constraint is legally mandated minimum ages for marriage, 23 for women and 25 for men.

A 1993 article by Dr. R.E.J. Ryder in the British Medical Journal describes Natural Family Planning as a possible alternative to such measures. "Indeed a study of 19,843 poor women in [Calcutta] India had a pregnancy rate approaching zero. Natural family planning is cheap, efficient, without side effects and may be particularly acceptable to and efficacious among people in areas of poverty." The women in this study were mostly illiterate, but they had been trained in Natural Family Planning by Mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity.

In the PRC, the one-child policy is strictly enforced in cities and for government employees, but there are exceptions. A second child is sometimes allowed in rural or less populated areas, if the first child has a disability, or if both parents work in high-risk jobs such as mining.

Still, the ability of parents to choose the sex of their child through selective abortion has resulted in a gender gap. The male to female ratio has increased, from 1.06 in 1979 to 1.17 in 2001, a universal phenomenon exacerbated by underreported female births and unreported adoptions of baby girls.

China's economic empowerment is indisputable, and those girls who survive the cultural preference for sons may net particular advantages in parental attention, education and marriage. However, the overall social costs have been tremendous.

While Americans are familiar with the practice of foreign adoptions, a heartbreaking trade in children has emerged within China itself.

Every year over 70,000 Chinese children are kidnapped, or sold by parents who cannot afford to care for them or cannot afford to pay the fines incurred by their "illegal" births.

Even if the one-child policy is ended, there may still only be moderate growth since most women asked by the Family Planning Commission say they want small families.

China's current population is 1.3 billion. Whatever hopes anyone may have for the policy to end immediately, the Chinese government has stated that the One-Child Policy will continue in effect for at least a decade to accommodate a "surge in births" expected among the 200 million people who will reach child-bearing age.


Heather Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us

©The Evening Bulletin 2008

Monday, August 04, 2008

HEALTH NEWS: Eating Nuts While Pregnant May Raise Risk Of Asthma For Child

(previously published here at www.thebulletin.us)

By: Heather J. Chin, The Bulletin
07/18/2008

Mothers-to-be might - or might not - be better off reducing consumption of nut-based foods if they wish to decrease their child's risk of developing asthma.

According to a recent study, pregnant women who daily consumed at least one nut product, like a peanut butter sandwich, had children with a 40- to 60-percent higher risk of developing asthma or asthma-related symptoms within the child's first eight years of life.

Still, researchers don't recommend removing nuts from pregnant womens' diets, since they contain nutrients such as vitamins A, C and E, which previous studies say may have protective properties against asthma development.

"While it is too early to make recommendations of avoidance, it is important for pregnant women to eat healthily," said Dr. Saskia Willers, who led the study at the the Netherlands' University of Utrecht. "What is true for many foods is that too much is never good."

The study observed women who ate nut products "rarely" throughout their pregnancy.

It showed that children whose mothers had previous history of asthma or sensitivity were on a restricted diet and also reported suffering from the condition.

On the other hand, women who ate nut products in moderation did not have children who showed any more risk of asthma development.

In this cohort (group) study, the Dutch researchers examined 4,146 pregnant women who completed diet questionnaires about how often they consumed fruit, vegetables, fish, egg, milk, milk products, nuts and nut products during the previous month. Of the women, 1,327 were atopic, having asthma or allergic sensitivity, and 2,819 were nonatopic, with no pre-existing sensitivity or related condition.

Researchers were able to maintain contact with 80 percent of the mothers and children/families, allowing for a great amount of communication during the process.

The health of the children born to participants was monitored from ages 1 through 8, with complete data available for 2,832 children.

The results found no associations between maternal intake of vegetable, fish, egg, milk or milk products and nut consumption and observed childhood outcomes.

This is the first study to examine the mother's diet while they were pregnant (instead of relying on memory years later) and to track the asthma outcomes past the first five years of life. It was published in the July 15 issue of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, which is put out by the American Thoracic Society.

Asthma affects over 20 million adults and more than 9 million children in the U.S. have been diagnosed with it.

Despite the strong study and promising findings, the specific factors during pregnancy and early childhood that cause some children to develop asthma [and allergies] over others is still unclear. One known factor is an inherited genetic predisposition.

"Genes play a large role in whether or not the child is eventually going to develop food, or environmental allergies in the future," Dr. Nora Lin, a pediatric and adult allergist with Allergy and Asthma Specialists in King of Prussia. "The effects of the maternal diet on how those genes play out is a pretty complex issue, but [there has not been much] definitive evidence that what a mom eats will affect the outcome of what the child develops or not."

"We don't know what other things the parents did or were exposed to... what supplements or food or medications ... they were using," said Dr. Jonathan Steinfeld, pediatric pulmonologist at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children. "This is an association study - between eating more nut products and the children being diagnosed with asthma later in life, but this does not imply causation (that it caused the asthma)."

The study would also be difficult to apply to American and other families throughout the world since we have such a variety of genetic makeup, Dr. Steinfeld notes.

"While they did it well and with a large group, it needs to be repeated to be sure that elsewhere in the world, [these findings] are reproducible."



Heather J. Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us


©The Evening Bulletin 2008

Sunday, July 20, 2008

Television Noise Could Inhibit Toddler Learning

(previously published here at www.thebulletin.us)

To adults, background sounds from an unwatched TV show can be disregarded or embraced as comforting white noise, but a recent study shows this is not the case for infants and toddlers.
To their developing minds, TV noises could have the opposite effect, interfering with their ability to concentrate and learn according to findings published this week in the journal Childhood Development.

Researchers observed 50 toddlers between ages 1 and 3 at play in a room for an hour, with a half-hour of TV-free play and the other half-hour with the TV show "Jeopardy" airing in the room. When the TV was on, they noticed the children were more restless and distracted.

During a no-TV time, "the child gets an intent look on their face, they lean into the toy, their extraneous body movements decrease," wrote Dr. Daniel Anderson, a co-author of the study and a professor of psychology at the University of Massachusetts. "When they're in that state, they're much more likely to be learning."

In contrast, the children played for half as long - around 15 minutes - when the TV was turned on, were noticeably less calm and glancing up occasionally.

"You actually can see sometimes more aimless behavior, walking around like they're not quite sure what they're going to do next, " Dr. Anderson said.

In describing how these behaviors could be observed, Dr. Anderson said, "it's not something that you would really notice from just watching the child. [When we started the study] I really didn't know if children could just focus on their activity and shut out the background noise."

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends zero hours of TV-watching for infant and toddlers below age three, but a Kaiser Family Foundation study in 2003 found that two-thirds of children under six years of age live in a home where the TV is on half the time, while one-third of children live in a home where it is on "most of the time" or "always."

Studies have been done on the effect of TV-watching on young children, but the effect of background noise on their ability to learn is new. Time-strapped parents and older siblings often combine TV-watching and time spent on childcare, so with young children being exposed to TV more frequently, the effect could be great.

For Dr. Gary Emmett, director of general pediatrics at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia, a complementary prudent question would be whether children would grow up with language and cognitive difficulties.

"Reading is directly correlated to success in school, while watching TV and other things that [doctors] regard as passive... is counter-related ... Watching TV, while not always harmful is not always helpful."

To combat this problem, Dr. Emmett notes that language-rich homes - where families read, talk and engage in regular verbal communication - the impact of background distractions such as TV don't have as much of an effect as in language-poor homes.

Dr. Dimitri Christakis, the George Adkins professor of pediatrics at the University of Washington and Seattle Children's Research Institute, agreed.

"There have been a lot of studies that explored this, and early television is associated with delayed language, delayed cognitive developments, shorter attention span," he said, "What we haven't found yet is the mechanism."

According to Dr. Emmett, behavior and physical activity work together for health. As another study published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association found, by the time children turn 15, their daily levels of activity slow down to below the recommended one hour per day.

In Pennsylvania and the tri-state area, there are pediatric medicine self-promotion programs available to families to begin working towards placing a greater emphasis on both feeding the mind and feeding the body.

Used at NEMOURS charity at the DuPont Hospital for Children in Florida, as well as in Delaware, Pennsylvania and New Jersey and called the "5-2-1-almost none" program (in Philadelphia, it's the 2-1-5-0 program, after Philadelphia area code), it calls for: five portions of fruit and vegetables a day, two hours or less a day of screen time (TV, computers, video games), one hour of running rather than walking, and no sweets and drinks.

"We're trying to get in [to the family routine] in the simplest way we can," said Dr. Emmett, who applies it in his work with families. "People always want things to be simplified, but things are complex. [We have to address] both issues (body and mind), not one."

Heather J. Chin can be reached at hchin@thebulletin.us

©The Evening Bulletin 2008